Dendrite?free lithium and sodium metal anodes with deep plating/stripping properties for lithium and sodium batteries

Although lithium (Li) and sodium (Na) metals can be selected as the promising anode materials for next-generation rechargeable batteries of high energy density, their practical applications are greatly restricted by uncontrollable dendrite growth. Herein, a platinum (Pt)–copper (Cu) alloy-coated Cu foam (Pt–Cu foam) is prepared then used substrate Li Na metal anodes. Owing to ultrarough morphology with three-dimensional porous structure quite large surface area well lithiophilicity sodiophilicity, both growths significantly suppressed on substrate. Moreover, during plating, lithiated Pt atoms dissolve into phase, leaving lot microsized holes During although sodiated cannot sodiation elevates many blocks above current collector. Either or voids Pt–Cu what extra place deposited alkali metal, effectively relaxes internal stress caused volume exchange plating/stripping. Therefore, symmetric Li@Pt–Cu Na@Pt–Cu have achieved long-term cycling stability even at ultrahigh areal capacity 20 mAh cm?2.